منابع مشابه
The Ergodic Theorem
Measure-preserving systems arise in a variety of contexts, such as probability theory, information theory, and of course in the study of dynamical systems. However, ergodic theory originated from statistical mechanics. In this setting, T represents the evolution of the system through time. Given a measurable function f : X → R, the series of values f(x), f(Tx), f(T x)... are the values of a phy...
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With these assumptions we have T defined for every integer n as a 1-1, onto, bimeasurable transformation. Henceforth we shall assume that every set considered is measurable, i.e. an element of a. We shall say that P is invariant if P(A) =P(TA) for every set A, P is ergodic if P is invariant and if P(U^L_oo TA) = 1 for every set A for which P(A) > 0 , and finally P is strongly mixing if P is inv...
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This perspective highlights the mean ergodic theorem established by John von Neumann and the pointwise ergodic theorem established by George Birkhoff, proofs of which were published nearly simultaneously in PNAS in 1931 and 1932. These theorems were of great significance both in mathematics and in statistical mechanics. In statistical mechanics they provided a key insight into a 60-y-old fundam...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Transactions of the American Mathematical Society
سال: 1946
ISSN: 0002-9947
DOI: 10.1090/s0002-9947-1946-0018359-8